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            [title] => Does welfare reform affect fertility? Evidence from the UK.
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            [abstract] => This paper presents evidence on the fertility effect of welfare from a set of reforms  that took place in the UK in 1999 and that substantially increased support for poorer  families with children.  The reforms, including the introduction of the Working  Families Tax Credit and an increase in means-tested income support, raised benefits  by up to 10 per cent of household income.  We exploit the fact that the reforms were  targeted on low-income households and use a differences-in-differences approach to  evaluate their impact on fertility.  A priori, the fertility effect of the reforms is  ambiguous because WFTC has pro-employment effects.  In practice, these are more  important for lone mothers and we therefore focus on women in couples where we  expect the reforms to have a positive effect on births.  We find that the reforms raised  the probability of birth among women in couples by around 10 per cent (implying an  elasticity of 0.22).  In line with previous work, the effect is greatest for first births.
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            [title] => How to Improve Poverty Measurement in the United States 
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            [abstract] => This paper was prepared as the Presidential Address to the Association for Public  Policy Analysis and Management at their annual conference, November 8-10, 2007.   Thanks are due to Victoria Finkle for excellent research assistance.  The following  individuals provided comments or useful conversations, but bear no responsibility for the  analysis in this paper:  Richard Bavier, Doug Besharov, Paul Bugg, Connie Citro,  Sheldon Danziger, Indivar Dutta-Gupta, Mark Greenberg, David Johnson, Patricia  Ruggles, Kathleen Short, Katherine Wallman, and Daniel Weinberg.  

Disclaimer:  I was a senior staff economist at the Council of Economic Advisers (CEA)  in 1990 and led an interagency discussion on the value of making improvements to the  poverty line as part of the Improving Economic Statistics initiative; I served on the  National Academy of Science’s Panel on Poverty and Family Assistance and signed the  resulting set of NAS recommendations;  I was a Member of the CEA in 1997-98 when  poverty measurement changes were discussed within the Clinton Administration; I  attended many of the discussions of the seminar “Reconsidering the Federal Poverty  Measure,” organized by Doug Besharov at AEI in 2003-2004.  Depending on your point  of view, this extensive political and research involvement with poverty measurement  either makes me highly informed or hopelessly biased as the author of this paper. 
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            [title] => Micro-simulating Child Poverty in Great Britain in 2010 and 2020.
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            [authors] => Mike Brewer, Institute for Fiscal Studies; and James Browne, Institute for Fiscal Studies; and Professor Holly Sutherland, Institute for Economic and Social Research, University of Essex.
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            [abstract] => This paper shows prospects for child poverty in Great Britain, as defined by the current British government, in 2010/11 and 2020/21 under various demographic, economic and policy scenarios. It uses a static micro-simulation model, with projections of some key economic and demographic characteristics. It shows prospects for child poverty in Great Britain in 2010/11 and 2020/21 under current government policies, and quantifies the impact of possible tax and benefit changes that could be implemented by 2010 and 2020.
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<h4 align="left" >NPC Working Papers</h4>		</div>  


			<h2 style='display:inline' >Displaying publications matching keyword: 

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International and Cross National Comparisons of Poverty and Inequality</h2> [<a href="/publications/working_papers">remove filter</a>]
		 
		 
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<a name='publication1' id='publication1'></a> <p><a href='/publications/working_papers?publication_id=146&'>Does welfare reform affect fertility? Evidence from the UK.</a> Mike Brewer, Anita Ratcliffe, Sarah Smith. (2007-32) </p>

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<a name='publication2' id='publication2'></a> <p><a href='/publications/working_papers?publication_id=143&'>How to Improve Poverty Measurement in the United States </a> Rebecca Blank. (2007-30) </p>

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<a name='publication3' id='publication3'></a> <p><a href='/publications/working_papers?publication_id=95&'>Micro-simulating Child Poverty in Great Britain in 2010 and 2020.</a> Mike Brewer, Institute for Fiscal Studies; and James Browne, Institute for Fiscal Studies; and Professor Holly Sutherland, Institute for Economic and Social Research, University of Essex. (2006-31) </p>	
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